Stove or furnace



Patented 001;. 1'7, 1898.'

W KRUEGER. strov; .011 PURNAGB.

(NoModel) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM KRUEGER, OF NEENAH, WISCONSIN.

STOVE OR FU RNACE.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 507,017, dated October1'7, 1893.

Application filed March 13, 1893.' Serial No. 465.848. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

le it known that I, 'WILLIAM KRUEGER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Neenah, in the county of Winnebago and State of Wisconsin,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Stoves or Furnaces, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the arrangeinent of fiues fo r distributing theheat from the fuel which is burned, over nearly the entire surface ofthe stove or furnace and to supplying said heated surfaces with cold, orfresh air, tobe heated and distributed, if the heater be a stove, to theroom in which it is located, and if afurnace, to pipes for delivery toother rooms, and the object of my improvement is, to increase the heatdistributing capacity of stoves and furnaces, in proportion to theamount of fuel burned, over those which are at the present time ingeneral use. I attain these obJ ects by the construction, andarrangeinent of parts, illustratcd in the accompanying (lrawings, inwhich- Figure `1 is a front elevation of a stove embody'ing myinvention, the right hand half of it being a section upon the line a, a,of Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is a top view in section, upon the line b, b, of Fig.1, of a stove with a casing inclosing it upon three of its sides and apart of its front, for adapting it for a furnace. Fig. is a Verticalsection of the stove, upon the line c, c, of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4,Vertical section upon the line d, d, of Fig. 2, showing the stovearranged with a casing inclosing its sides and top, the casing over thelatter being provided with hot air distributing pipes and the bottom ofthe stove with a fresh air supply box.

Similar figures and letters of reference indicate like parts in theseveral views.

1, indicates the outside shell of the stove, or heater; 2, its fire pot;2' a grate therein; 3, an extension of the fire pot, which forms acombustion chamber; 3', a door thereto; 3' a fuel conductor leading fromthe door to said combustion chamber; 4, an ash chamber top; 4', itssides; 4, its bottom; 4', a door opening thereto; 5, the inner shell ofthe heater; 6, the smoke pipe; 7, a direct smoke flue leading from therear of the combustion chamber to the smoke pipe; 7 a damper in saidflue; 8, indireet smoke flues extending from the direct flue 7, to theright and left across the rear, around the opposite sides to the frontside of the heater; 9, diving flues at each front corner of the heater;10, return fiues which return directly under the fiues 8 to the rear ofthe heater and there connect with the smoke pipe 6 at its lower end; 11,cold air flues; 12, an inclosing case which incloses the heatertop, itsrear, sides, and a part of its front; 13, hot air distributing pipes;14, fresh air supply box; e, (E,) arrows indicative of the course of thedirect draft from the coinbustion chamber to the smoke pipe; f, arrowsshowing the course of the indirect draft in reaching said pipe; g,arrows indicating cold air and its direction; h, arrows representingWarm air escaping froni within and around the heater.

The heater may have its several parts made of cast, or wrought metal,sheet steel being preferable for some of its parts while for othergs, asthe fire pot and grates, a cast metal is preferred, and the form of theheater, in a horizontal direction, may be rectangular, oircular, oval,or any combination of these forms which may be best suited for theparticular use of the heater, and it may be fitted for burning Wood orcoal.

In the drawings the heater is represented as being nearly square and theflues 11 as being open for the passage of air their entire lengththrough both the bottom and top of said heater. The heater may beprovided upon its upper end with a cover of any fanoiful design, thecover being properly perforated for the free escape of the heated airfrom its interior air heating surfaces.

The fire pot, 2, is provided with the usual grate, and ash chamber, anddoors for feeding in the fuel and for the removal of ashes are arrangedupon the heater, said fire pot being continued upward to the top, or alittle above the top of the heater shell, 1, whereby a large and roomycombustion chamber is produced. The upper end of said combustion chamberis closed, but may have a rcmovable cover, 3', for providing facilitiesfor heating water, &c.

Upon the front side of the combustion chamber is a fuel conductor, 3,which is closed upon its sides and leads from the door 3' to saidchamber, and upon the rear side of the ZOO chamber, above the verticalcenter of the heater is a conductor, or flue, 7, which leads from saidchamber and connects with the smoke pipe 6. This flue forms a directdraft from the combustion chamber to the smoke pipe, as indicated by thearrows e. Branching to the right and left from the flue 7 are flues, 8,8, which extend around upon both sides of the heater to its front wherethey connect with the diving tlues, 9, 9, and these diving flues in turnconnect with the return fiues, 10, 10. The latter fiues are separatedfrom the flues 8, 8, by the flue dividing plate 15, and return to therear side of the heater directly under the fiues 8, and at the lower endof the heater, connect with the smoke pipe 6. The fiues 8, 8, 9, 9, and10, 10, form a line of indirect draft flues from the chamber 3 to thesmoke pipe and cover the entire surface of the heateris rear, itsopposite sides, and a part of its front, and form thereby with'itsexterior surface and the exterior surface of the fire pot and combustionchamher a large amount of heat radiating surface. A damper, 7', islocated in the direct draft flue 7, for closing at will the direct draftand compelling the smoke and gases to reach the smoke pipe by way of theindirect passage. The ash chamber extends from the front of the heaterto the fiues 10 at its rear and is of a width sufficient to receive theashes from the fire pot. Between its sides, 4=',4=', and the flues 10,10,are cold air flues, 11, 11, which receive their supply of air attheir lower end, condiuct it upward between the flues, 8, 8, 9, 9, and10,10, and the fire pot and combustion chamber, around the latter twoparts, and deliver the heated air from the upper endV of said flues.

When the heater is in operation the flues 11 are surrounded upon allsides excepting a small space upon the ash chamber sides and immediatelyaround the doors with heated surfaces, and the. temperature of the airtherein gradually approaches a higher degree, whereby a continual andstrong draft of air is created from around the bottom of the heater,upward through, and outward from said flues. The damper 7' being openedfor a direct draft, when the fuel is first lighted, the products ofcombustion will pass directly into the'smoke pipe, but when the fuel issufficiently lighted said damper may be closed when all of the heat fromthe combustion chamber will pass into the flues 8, 8, at the rear of theheater, around each side thereof, downward through the diving flues 9,9, returning toward the rear of the heater through the flues 10, 10, andoutward into the ascending smoke flue 6. A portion of the heat inpassing from the upper to the lower flues will turn quickly around theends of the flue dividing plate 15 and pass directly to the smoke pipe,While the larger portion, owing to the divin g flues being narrow,transversely thereof, and to'the arrangement of said dividing plate, iscompelled to pass around into the front of the heater, go down thediving fiues the greater portion of their length, and to reach the smokepipe by a more circuitous routc. The dividing plate, 15,is representedas being horizontal, but may descend slightly from the rearof the heaterto its front without impairing its efficiency to any great degree. Itstermini is shown to be at each front corner of the heater, under thearrows f. but may vary from said point, care being taken to providesuflicient area for the diving fiues beyond the ends of said plate, andsaid flues may be carried nearer, or quite up to, the fuel conductor 3.

Fig. 4 shows the heater arranged as a furnace. No change in itsconstruction is required for this use of it. A casing,12,1ncloses theheater, covering its top and all sides, excepting a small space aroundits doors, its top being provided with any desired number of hotairdistributing pipes, 13.

A fresh air box, 14, is provided for supplying fresh air from anysuitable source.

In applyin g this heater in rooms where there is insufficient height, orfor other reasons, it may he desirable to admit a supply of fresh airfrom a point above its bottom, not having said bottom open as hereshown. This I provide for by perforating the outside shell of the heaterabove its bot-tom, the dottedf line 4:, representing the top line of theash chamher being a line which may be the upper boundary of saidperforation, the flue 10, upon one or both sides of the heater beingshortened for allowing the entrance under its lower boundary of asufficient quantity of air. Perforations may also be provided around thedoors of the heater, as 1', for admitting air, and these side airentrances may be used whether the heater be used as a stove or afurnace, hut either modification Will be at the expense of the use ofsome of the radiating' surface for hcating the fresh, or cold air.

The casing 12 may be constructed of brick or metal, and be of anysuitable dimensions, and may inclose the smoke pipe, or said pipe may bea brick flue, and be outside of said inclosure, as the sizeand locationof the heater may make desirable.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. In a heating stove or furnace, the combination of a fire pot arrangedupon the interior, near the lower end thereof, and heing arranged forreceivinga fuel supply, said fire pot having a combustion chamberextending upward there'from, a flue extending rearward from near theupper end of said chamber to the outer shell of the heater andcommunicating with the smoke pipe and also branching to right and leftflues which extend along the interior walls of the shell, across therear. and sides of the heater to the front wall of said shell, divingflues arranged within said front wall at opposite sides of the fire potfront, a return flue from each diving flue returning IOC IIO

under said right and left flues to the rear of the heaterand'communicating with the smoke pipe near the lower end of the heater,a division plate arranged between said diving flues and separating saidright and left from the return flues, a damper arranged in the aforesaidrearward extending flue for changing the draft from passing directlyfrom the fire pot to thesmoke pipe, to passing around through said rightand left, diving and return flues, and thence to the smoke pipe, saidright and left, diving and vreturn flues forming a hot air inclosureentirely around the heater, and from the upper to the lower end of itsshell, excepting its doors and the parts above the same, substantiallyas described.

2. In a heating stove or furnace, the combination of a fire pot arrangedupon the interior, near the lower end thereof, and being arranged forreceiving a fuel supply, said fire pot having a combustion chamberextending upward therefrom, a flue extending rearward from near theupper end of said chamber to the outer shell of the heater andcommunicating with the smoke pipe, and also branching to right and leftflues which extend along the interior walls of the shcll, across therear and sides of the heater to the front wall of said shell, divingflues arranged within said front wall at opposite sides of the fire potfront, a return flue from each diving flue returning under said rightand left flues to the rear of the heater, and communicating with thesmoke pipe near the lower end of the heater, a division plate arrangedbetween said diving flues and separating said right and left from thereturn flues, a damper arranged in the aforesaid rearward extending fluefor changing the draft from passing directly from the fire pot to thesmoke pipe, to passing around through said right and left, diving andreturn flues, and thence to the smoke pipe, said right and left, divingand return flues forming a hot air inclosure entirely around the heater,and from the upper to the lower end of its shell, excepting its doorsand the parts above the same, and cold air fiues arranged within saidinclosure upon opposite sides of the fire pot and extending from a pointin, or near the bottom of said heater, in a Vertical direction to thetop of its outer Shell, substantially as set forth.

3. In a heating stove or furnace, the combination of a fire pot arrangedupon the interior, near the lower end thereof, and being arranged forreceiving a fuel supply, said fire pot having a combustion chamberextending upward therefrom, a flue extending rearward from near theupper end of said chamber to the outer shell of the heater andcommunicating with the smoke pipe, and also branching to right and leftflues which extend along the interior walls of the shell, across therear and sides of the heater to the front wall of said Shell, divingflues arranged within said front wall at opposite sides of the fire potfront, a return flue from each diving flue returning under said rightand left flues to therear of the heater and communicating with the smokepipe near the lower end of t-he heater, a division plate arrangedbetween said diving flues and separating said right and left from thereturn tlues,a damper arranged in the aforesaid rearward extending fluefor changing the draft from passing directly from the fire pot to thesmoke pipe, to passing around through said right and left, diving andreturn flues, and thence to the smoke pipe, said right and left, divingand return flues formin g a hot air inclosure entirely around theheater, and from the upper to the lower end of its shell, excepting itsdoors and the parts above the same, and cold air flues arranged withinsaid inclosure upon opposite sides of the fire pot and extending from apoint in, or near the bottom of said heater, 1n a Vertical direction tothe top of its outer shell, said cold air flues being provided with afresh air supply box, and the heater with a casing inclosing its top andsides, excepting immediately around the doors in its front, and saidcasing being provided with one, or more, hot air distributing pipes,substantially as described.

WM. KRUEGER. Witnesses:

HENRY F. KRUEGER, FRED HOEPER, Jr.

